Conocimientos básicos del diseño de iluminación escénica

If the sound is the soul of the stage, the sound with reasonable design and the sound system will make the immersion on the stage very strong, then the lighting is the appearance of the stage.

How to design a fashionable and stunning stage depends to a large extent on the use of lighting on the stage.

Stage lighting is also called "stage lighting", referred to as "lighting". One of the stage art modeling means. Using stage lighting equipment (such as lighting fixtures, slides, control systems, etc.) and technical means, with the development of the plot, the light color and its changes show the environment, render the atmosphere, highlight the central characters, create a sense of stage space and time, shape the external image of the stage performance, and provide the necessary lighting effects (such as wind, rain, clouds, water, lightning).

 

1. the way stage lighting changes

1. The lighting takes the plot change as an opportunity for change.

2. The light takes the lines as an opportunity to change.

3. The light takes action as an opportunity to change.

Lighting takes music or sound effects as an opportunity to change.

5. The light takes time as an opportunity to change.

 

2. stage lighting classification

1. Face light: the light from the front of the top of the audience to the stage is mainly used for the front lighting of characters and the basic light dyeing of the whole set.

2. Slap: The light located on both sides of the platform opening and slanted on the stage is divided into upper and lower layers, mainly assisting surface light, strengthening facial lighting and increasing the stereoscopic impression of characters and scenery.

3. Column light (also known as side light): The light projected from both sides of the mouth is mainly used for lighting on both sides of characters or scenes to increase the three-dimensional sense and contour sense.

4. Top light: the light from the top of the stage to the stage is divided into one row of top light, two rows of top light, three rows of top light... etc. It is mainly used for general lighting of the stage to enhance the illumination of the stage, and there are many fixed-point illumination of scenes and props, which are mainly solved by top light.

5. Backlight: The light projected from the reverse direction of the stage (such as top light, bridge light, etc.) can outline the outline of people and scenes, enhance the stereoscopic sense and transparency, and can also be used as a specific light source.

6. Foot light: the light projected from the table in front of the table to the stage, mainly assisting the illumination of the face light and eliminating the shadow formed by the face and lower jaw of the character irradiated by the high position such as the face light.

7. Bridge light: the light cast onto the stage at the overpasses on both sides of the stage is mainly used to assist the column light to enhance the stereoscopic impression. It is also used in other directions where the light position is inconvenient to project. It can also be used as a specific light source.

8. Light from heaven and earth: The light from above and below the sky curtain is mainly used for lighting and color change of the sky curtain.

9. Flowing light: it is located on the flowing light stand on both sides of the stage, mainly assisting the bridge light, supplementing the light on both sides of the stage or other specific light.

10. chasing light: the light position needed from the auditorium or other positions is mainly used to track the performance of actors or highlight a specific light, and is also used for the host. it is a close-up pen of stage art and plays the role of finishing touch.

 

Common lamps and lanterns for 3. stage lighting

1. Spotlight: It is one of the most widely used main lights on stage lighting, with 1KW and 2KW, and 2KW is the most widely used. It irradiates light concentratedly, and the edge of the light spot contour is relatively clear, which can highlight a part and also enlarge the light spot to illuminate an area. As the main light source of the stage, it is commonly used in light positions such as surface light, slap light and side light.

2, soft light: the light is soft and well-proportioned, which can highlight a certain part without stiff light spot, which is convenient for several lights to connect, and the common ones are 0.3KW, 1KW, 2KW, etc. It is mostly used for short-distance optical positions such as column light and flowing light.

3. Return light: It is a reflective lamp, which is characterized by hard light quality, high illuminance and long range. It is an economical and efficient strong light.

4, diffuse light: diffuse light, average, large projection area, divided into sky scattered light and ground scattered light, mostly used for sky illumination, can also be used for the general lighting of the theater rostrum.

5, modeling lamp: the principle between the chase light and spotlight, is a special lamp, mainly used for characters and scenery of the shape of the projection.

6, foot light (also known as light): soft light, wide area. It is mainly used as a medium-view and netscape lighting and color cloth, and can also be used as an auxiliary surface lighting at the counter position.

7, light column lamp (also known as downlight): currently used more widely. It can be used for lighting people and scenery in all directions, and can also be directly installed on the stage, exposed to the view to form a light array, for the dual role of stage decoration and lighting.

8. Scene slide and sky curtain effect light: it can form an overall picture on the stage sky curtain and various special effects, such as wind, rain, thunder, electricity, water, fire, smoke, cloud, etc.

9. Computer lamp: This is a kind of intelligent lamp. Its light color, light spot and illuminance are better than the above regular lamps. It is a kind of intelligent lamp developed in recent years. It is often installed in the positions of surface light, top light, back steps of the stage, etc. The color, shape and figure in operation can be programmed. Due to the different size of the power, the use of the stage should be different. General small power computer lights, only suitable for ballroom use.

10, chasing light: is the stage lighting lamps, characterized by high brightness, the use of lens imaging, can present a clear spot, by adjusting the focal length, but also can change the spot virtual real. There is a movable light bar, which can easily change the color, and the lamp body can run freely. In terms of function, it is divided into: mechanical chasing light, whose focusing, light bar and color change are all completed manually; The other is a computer chasing light, whose focusing, light bar, color change and color temperature adjustment are automatically completed by pushing and pulling electrical appliances.

 

4. stage light color changer

The design and promotion of color changer greatly simplifies the number of stage lamps, reduces the labor intensity of lighting workers, and saves the amount of investment. Therefore, it is an indispensable instrument for the current stage configuration, including mechanical color changer and electric and color changer.

1, stage machinery color changer: its design is simple, the price is low, for the 20th century 80~90 middle mainstream products, at present to close to the elimination.

2, stage computer color changer: is a new type of color changer developed in recent years. It adopts international standard DMX-512 signal output, which can be controlled by special control Lu, and can also be connected to the computer dimming station. It has the characteristics of multi-mode, high precision, large capacity and long control distance, and has become the mainstream product of color changer.

 

5. stage cloth light modeling simple knowledge

The stage cloth light is also called lighting or daylighting. Stage layout is an important part of the composition of the performance space, is based on the development of the plot of the characters and the specific scene required for a full range of visual environment lighting design, and the purpose of the design intent to the visual image of the way to reproduce the art to the audience.

 

Four elements of cloth light:

1. Main light: The main light direction needs to be determined according to the theme and viewpoint. The main light is stronger than other light, and hard light such as spotlight is used for lighting.

2. Auxiliary light: it is the auxiliary and supplement to the main light, and plays a role in modification. Simulate the reflected light of natural environment with soft light illumination

3. Backlighting: Add light on the basis of main light. Can be stronger than the main light, can also be lower than the main light and stronger than the auxiliary light, decorative modeling role

4. Light ratio: the light and dark ratio of the shaped body to the light received by all parties. The light ratio can be adjusted according to the creative needs to obtain the ideal effect. Light distribution angle: 90/120/180/270 degrees, etc.

 

Projection position, light receiving effect and visual impression:

1. Right above the front-Stabilizing natural surface light

2, front oblique top-three-dimensional animated slap

3. Positive front level-plain expression fades flat shot chasing light

4. Just below the front-abnormal uneasy feeling foot light and low angle light projection

5. Directly up-image distortion, expressionless top row light and top cast light

6. Above the front side-strong contrast between yin and yang face side overpass and top side light casting

7. Positive Side Horizontal-Hard and Cold Side Flow Lamp and Flat Side Light

8. Right back and above-sharp outline decoration feeling top row backlight and top backlight